How can seismic activity affect dams?

Seismic activity can significantly impact the structural integrity of dams. When an earthquake occurs, it generates ground shaking that can weaken the materials used in dam construction, such as concrete and earthfill. This shaking can lead to cracks, displacements, or even complete failure of the dam, potentially resulting in catastrophic consequences such as flooding downstream. The structure may require urgent repairs or reinforcements to ensure its safety and prevent any risk to the surrounding communities. Understanding the potential damage from seismic activity is crucial for the design, maintenance, and operation of dams, especially in areas that are prone to earthquakes.