What construction material is primarily used for the infrastructure of dams like Shasta?

Concrete is primarily used for the infrastructure of dams like Shasta due to its exceptional compressive strength and durability. This material is well-suited for the immense pressures exerted by the water stored behind a dam, making it capable of withstanding not only the weight of the water but also the various environmental stresses over time.

In addition to strength, concrete can also be poured into complex shapes, allowing for the construction of intricate dam designs that optimize both structural integrity and efficiency in water management. Concrete is highly resistant to weathering and erosion, which is crucial for structures that are continuously exposed to harsh conditions, such as water flow and environmental fluctuations. Moreover, it provides good thermal mass, helping to stabilize temperatures within the dam structure.

While steel is often used in reinforcement within concrete structures and can be effective in certain applications, it is not the primary material for the entire construction of a dam like Shasta. Other materials, such as aluminum and stone, can be utilized in various construction aspects but do not possess the same benefits as concrete for large-scale hydraulic structures. Stone may be used in some dams, particularly in older constructions or for aesthetic purposes, but modern large-scale dams favor concrete for the reasons mentioned.