What is an aquifer?

An aquifer is defined as a geological formation that can store groundwater. This means it is a layer of soil, sand, gravel, or rock that holds water within its pores and can transmit it to wells or springs. Aquifers are crucial for providing a water supply for various purposes, including agricultural, municipal, and industrial use.

The significance of aquifers lies in their ability to replenish groundwater resources, which is essential for sustainable water management. They can vary greatly in size, depth, and permeability, affecting how much water they can store and how easily water can flow through them.

In contrast, a source of surface water only refers to bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, and streams, which do not involve stored groundwater. A structure made to hold stormwater is typically designed to manage runoff and prevent flooding, unlike aquifers that are natural water storage systems. An area known for high rainfall does not necessarily indicate the presence of an aquifer, as aquifers exist below the surface and can be present in regions with varying precipitation levels.