What is seepage in the context of dam safety?

Seepage, in the context of dam safety, refers to the slow transfer of water through soil or rock. This process occurs when water infiltrates the dam's structure or the surrounding geological material, moving gradually through small pore spaces or fractures. Understanding seepage is crucial for dam safety because it can lead to a loss of water from the reservoir and, over time, may impact the structural integrity of the dam.

Effective monitoring and management of seepage are essential in preventing potential failures, as excessive seepage can erode materials within and around the dam, leading to significant safety concerns. Recognizing the nuances of seepage helps engineers and safety officials assess the condition of the dam and implement proper mitigation strategies if necessary. This knowledge is vital for maintaining the dam's safety and effectiveness in water management.